A massive early medieval burial site dating back to the Avar period has been uncovered in western Hungary through the use of aerial survey technology. The discovery sheds new light on the early medieval history of Central Europe and the Avar civilization’s presence in the region.
Drone and Satellite Imagery Unveil Hidden Graves
A team from the Hungarian National Museum identified unusual rectangular soil marks in agricultural fields near Tatabánya using drone and satellite imagery. These anomalies led to targeted excavations, confirming the presence of an extensive Avar-era cemetery beneath the surface.
Over 1,000 Burial Pits Identified
Initial digs revealed two wooden coffin burials, suggesting a much larger burial ground yet to be fully explored. Experts estimate that the site may contain more than 1,000 individual graves, dating between the 6th and 9th centuries AD—a time when the Avar Khaganate held sway over the Carpathian Basin.
Part of the “Cemeteries from Space” Project
This significant archaeological discovery is part of Hungary’s “Cemeteries from Space” initiative, a national research program that integrates drone surveys, photogrammetry, and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to locate and map ancient cemeteries using advanced technology.
Remarkable Preservation and Cultural Significance
Researchers emphasized the excellent preservation of the burials, as well as the site’s spatial organization. These aspects provide valuable insights into Avar funeral traditions, social hierarchies, and material culture. The grave goods and wooden coffins may also reveal connections with other early medieval steppe cultures.
Rewriting the Avar Footprint in Europe
The Avars, a nomadic group originating from Central Asia, played a pivotal role during the Migration Period in Europe. Their settlements and burial customs in the Pannonian Basin remain a key focus for archaeologists. The Tatabánya discovery is expected to become a major reference point for future studies on Avar society, warfare, and religion.
Cover Image Credit: Tatabánya Museum Facebook
