More than 50 military helmets dating back to the First and Second World Wars have been uncovered during routine roadworks on Koszarowa Street in Wrocław, southern Poland. The discovery was made just steps away from the University of Wrocław’s Institute of Archaeology and is considered a significant addition to the region’s wartime archaeological record.
The majority of the helmets are of German origin, including M35 and M42 models from World War II, as well as several M16 helmets from World War I. The collection also includes two M38 Luftschutz helmets used by German civil defense forces, a Polish Wz31 helmet, and a Soviet SSz36 model, reflecting the complex military history of the region.
Likely Linked to Former German Army Barracks
Archaeologists believe the helmets were stored in an outbuilding that was once part of the German 8th Signal Battalion’s barracks, which operated in Wrocław (then known as Breslau) during the Nazi occupation. The items were found arranged in an orderly manner, suggesting they were not used in combat but rather kept for training or civil defense purposes, such as air raid or fire drills.
Historical Context: The Siege of Wrocław
The discovery coincides with the 80th anniversary of the end of the Siege of Wrocław, a significant chapter in the city’s World War II history. In early 1945, Adolf Hitler declared the city a “fortress” (Festung Breslau), ordering German troops to hold it against the advancing Soviet Army. The siege lasted until May 6, just days before Nazi Germany’s surrender.
This find offers valuable insight into the logistical and defensive preparations made during the war, particularly in urban strongholds such as Wrocław.
Preservation and Further Study
The helmets have been transferred to the Lower Silesian Voivodeship Conservator of Monuments, who will assess their condition and determine plans for conservation and potential exhibition. Representatives from the University of Wrocław emphasized the importance of such finds in understanding the material culture of wartime Europe and the city’s strategic role during major 20th-century conflicts.
Everyday Projects Reveal Hidden Layers of History
Experts note that this discovery serves as a reminder of how routine infrastructure work can lead to the unearthing of significant historical artifacts. Such findings not only deepen our understanding of the past but also highlight the need for collaboration between urban planners and archaeologists.
Cover Image Credit: The helmets were discovered during renovation works on the same street. Credit: zwiadowcahistorii.pl, M. Grześkowiak, P. Duma
